schäumender

Diese Methode eignet sich nicht zur Messung der Dampfdrücke schäumender Substanzen.

Frothing substances cannot be measured using this method.

nicht schäumender Wein

still wine

SCHÄUMENDER STIER

FOAMING BULL

D. I Geminitenside der allgemeinen Formel (D.I) analog US 5,863,886 wobei die Substituenten unabhängig voneinander folgende Bedeutung haben: D.II Geminitenside der allgemeinen Formel (D.II) wobei die Substituenten unabhängig voneinander die für die allgemeine Formel (D.I) angegebene Bedeutung haben und D.III Geminitenside der allgemeinen Formel (D.III) analog WO 96/16930 wobei die Substituenten unabhängig voneinander die für die allgemeinen Formeln (D.I) und (D.II) angegebene Bedeutung haben und D.IV Geminitenside der allgemeinen Formel (D.IV) analog WO 96/25384 wobei die Substituenten die für die allgemeinen Formeln (D.I), (D.II) und (D.III) angegebene Bedeutung haben und Vorzugsweise werden in den Tensidzusammensetzungen als mit schlecht schäumender, vorzugsweise milder, Charakteristik folgende Verbindungen eingesetzt: Mild im Sinne der Erfindung bedeutet, daß die entsprechenden Verbindungen / Zusammensetzung kennzeichnungsfrei (z.B. gemäß Richtlinie 67-548-EWG, Gefahrstoffverordnung) hinsichtlich ihres Irritationspotentials für Haut und Augen sind.

[0114] Variant D: [0115] D. I Gemini surfactants of the general formula (D.I) according to U.S. Pat. No. 5,863,886 [0116] wherein the substituents have independently of one another the following meanings: [0117] R, R C - to C -alkyl, branched or unbranched, saturated, optionally up to two times unsaturated if non-adjacent, hydroxysubstituted or perfluorinated; [0118] R C - to C -alkylene, arylene, and hydroxy-substituted derivatives, a polyether [—O(R O) —], —S—, —SO —, —O—, —S—S—, —O—R —O—, or —S—R —S—; variable for a direct bond between the two ?-carbons; [0119] R C - to C -alkylene; [0120] R C - to C -alkylene, arylene or alkyl arylene, —N(R )—, or —(NR )—R —(NR )R C - to C -alkyl; [0121] R C - to C -alkyl, wherein R and R may as well be part of a heterocyclic ring; [0122] X polyether [—O(R O) —] wherein x is a number from 1 to 30, —O—, NZ; [0123] Z C - to C -alkyl, aryl, alkylaryl, or H, and [0124] Y, Y are independently of one another H, —CH —COOH and salts, a hydrocarbon radical having at least two hydroxyl groups, such as erythrose, threose, ribose, arabinose, xylose, fructose, lyxose, allose, altrose, glucose, mannose, galactose and mixtures thereof. [0125] D.II Gemini surfactants of the general formula (D.II) [0126] wherein the substituents have independently of one another the meanings as defined hereinabove by the general formula (D.I) and [0127] AO means —C(O)—, —C(O)—(—O(R O) —], —CH —[—O(R O) —], —CH —O—; [0128] T, T are independently of one another —OM, —H, —CH , —C H , —SO M, —CH COOM, —C H —COOM, —C H —SO M, —O—P(O)(OM) and [0129] M is alkyli, ½ alkaline earth, ammonium, mono-, di-, trialkanolammonium, or H. [0130] D.III Gemini surfactants of the general formula (D.III) according to WO 96/16930 [0131] wherein the substituents have independently of one another the meanings as defined hereinabove by the general formulas (D.I) and (D.II) and [0132] R is NYY , —O(R O) H or —O(R O) —C(O)—CHR—CHR —C(O)NYY .